1 Hoffman, Phillip. “Creating Underground Atlanta, 1898-1932.” Atlanta Historical Bulletin 13, no. 3 (September 1968): 56.
2 Ibid.
3 Preston, Howard L. Automobile Age in Atlanta: The Making of a Southern Metropolis, 1900-1935 (Athens: U of Georgia P, 1979): 119.
4 Swygart-Hobaugh, Mandy. Historic Harlots of Old Atlanta [digital scholarship project], Feb. 23, 2022 onward, https://lib.gsu.edu/historicharlots
1 The City Builder, August 1927 issue, notably Belser, Dana, “The Significance of the Viaducts,” p. 9; also Norton, I. G., “The Central Avenue and Pryor Street Viaducts,” March 1928, p. 47. For an excellent history of Atlanta’s complicated relationship with the automobile, see Drummond, Laura, “How the Car Won the Road: The Surrender of Atlanta’s City Streets, 1920-1929.” Dissertation, Georgia State University, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.57709/22643233
2 Lee, W. H. “Atlanta’s Viaducts in Sight,” The City Builder, August 1927, p. 8
3 Sinclair, Bryan. “Before Underground.” Atlanta Studies, Feb. 15, 2025, https://doi.org/10.18737/atls20250215
4 Ibid.
5 “Work For Viaduct Will Start Today,” Atlanta Constitution, March 8, 1928, p. 2; “Steam Shovels Prepare Way for Viaducts,” Atlanta Constitution, March 25, 1928, p. F4
6 Martin, Harold. Atlanta and Environs, Vol. III (Athens: U of Georgia P, 1978), pp. 460-461
7 Atlanta Constitution, October 8, 1974.
8 Lalani Ventures, https://lalaniventures.com
1 Atlanta Journal, Oct. 21, 1915
2 Atlanta Constitution, August 7, 1909
3 Crimmins, Timothy, and Richard Cloues. National Register of Historic Places Inventory – Nomination Form, Underground Atlanta Historic District, 1980, https://npgallery.nps.gov/GetAsset/b91c0b1f-3826-492d-abd0-010c69b7edb8/
4 For an overview of the City Beautiful movement, see William H. Wilson, The City Beautiful Movement (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994) and Daniel Baldwin Hess, “Transportation Beautiful: Did the City Beautiful Movement Improve Urban Transportation?” Journal of Urban History 32:4 (May 2006): 511-45.
5 “New Railway Terminals Planned for Atlanta, Ga.” Engineering News 76, no. 15 (October 12, 1916): 715, https://www.google.com/books/edition/Engineering_News/a2ZJAQAAIAAJ?hl=en
6 Bleckley, Haralson. “Plaza to Cover Railroad Tracks Proves Feasible,” The City Builder, April 1930, pp. 10-11.
7 Ibid.
1 Georgia State College Comprehensive Campus Master Plan. Prepared by Robert and Company Associates, Atlanta, GA, 1966. Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA) Digital Collection, GSU Library Special Collections & Archives, https://digitalcollections.library.gsu.edu/digital/collection/marta/id/1092
2 Young, Warren R. “What’s to Come,” LIFE 59, no. 26 (December 24, 1965): 146.
3 The Georgia State College Signal, Freshman Supplement, vol. 26 (September 1967), p. S-8, https://digitalcollections.library.gsu.edu/digital/collection/signal/id/4167/rec/167; President Noah Langdale Foreword to Georgia State College Comprehensive Campus Master Plan, 1966.
4 “The Campus Vs. The Streets,” Atlanta magazine, August 1972, pp. 102-103.
5 Newman, Harvey K. “Decatur Street: Atlanta’s African American Paradise Lost.” Atlanta History 44.2 (Summer 2000): 17, https://album.atlantahistorycenter.com/digital/collection/AHBull/id/16666
6 Georgia State College Comprehensive Campus Master Plan, 1966, p. 122.
1 Atlanta magazine, special issue on Atlanta in the year 2000, August 1973.
2 Centennial Yards Atlanta, https://centennialyards.com; see also Zachary Hansen, “Centennial Yards Begins Next Phase,” Atlanta Journal-Constitution, March 25, 2024, https://www.ajc.com/news/business/centennial-yards-prepares-to-start-new-towers-entertainment-district-in-downtown-atlanta/QXMNIAEPTNDVZFPCMS4G6E3TVE/
3 In 2023, the planning team for The Stitch applied for $157 million in federal funding in the form of a USDOT Reconnecting Communities and Neighborhoods grant, which they received in 2024. The project’s design phase may be completed by the fall of 2024, to be followed by engineering. Construction could start as early as 2026, pending additional funding; Wickert, David. $200 million in federal grants for Atlanta,” Atlanta Journal-Constitution, March 12, 2024, https://ajc.com/politics/200-million-in-federal-grants-boost-the-stitch-beltline-trail/IG3PANXYKVEMFIXVUU5AGZ2KHQ/; Bill Torpy, “A Stitch in time for Atlanta’s struggling downtown” (opinion), Atlanta Journal-Constitution, March 15, 2024, https://www.ajc.com/opinion/columnists/opinion-a-stitch-in-time-for-atlantas-struggling-downtown/OB6XNB24LNBJTGFFNIQ6GVBAKM/
4 The Stitch, https://thestitchatl.com/
5 Kruse, Kevin M. “How Segregation Caused Your Traffic Jam,” The New York Times Magazine, August 14, 2019 https://nyti.ms/2v12c45; also Chidi, George, “The Stitch — a long-awaited freeway cap — aims to bring together what the Connector tore apart,” Atlanta magazine, February 3, 2023, https://www.atlantamagazine.com/news-culture-articles/the-stitch-a-long-awaited-freeway-cap-aims-to-bring-together-what-the-connector-tore-apart/
6 Highway and Transportation Plan for Atlanta, Georgia, Prepared for the State Highway Dept. of Georgia and the Public Roads Administration, Federal Works Agency, by H. W. Lochner & Company and De Leuw, Cather & Company, 1946, Georgia Tech Library Special Collections, http://hdl.handle.net/1853/36611
Hahn, Barbara. “Union Terminal: Business Clubs, Railroads, and City Planning in Cincinnati, 1880-1933,” Journal of Urban History 30:5 (July 2004): 707-28.
Kent, William E. “Underground Atlanta: The Untimely Passing of a Major Tourist Attraction.” Journal of Travel Research 22:4 (April 1984): 2-7.
Kent, William E., and J. Thomas Chesnutt, “Underground Atlanta: Resurrected and Revisited,” Journal of Travel Research 29:4 (April 1991): 36-39.
Morrison, Jeffrey. Atlanta Underground: History From Below. Guilford, CT: Globe Pequot, 2019.
Newman, Harvey K. Southern Hospitality: Tourism and the Growth of Atlanta. Tuscaloosa: U of Alabama P, 1999.
Newman, Harvey K. “Race and the Tourist Bubble in Downtown Atlanta,” Urban Affairs Review 37:3 (January 2002): 301-21.
Roth, Matthew W. “Whittier Boulevard, Sixth Street Bridge, and the Origins of Transportation Exploitation in East Los Angeles,” Journal of Urban History 30:5 (July 2004): 729-48.
Scott, Mel. American City Planning Since 1890. Berkeley: U of California P, 1969.